Key reference

Every key, and every form it makes

The typing reference for Ezra: the seven orders each consonant takes, the bracket keys that reach the second letter of a pair, the Ge’ez numerals and the punctuation. If you can already type Amharic by sound you will not need most of this — it is here for the letters nobody types often enough to remember.

ፊደል

The rule the whole layout follows

Type a consonant and you get its first order. Type a vowel after it and the vowel chooses a different one, rewriting the character already on screen rather than adding to it. The sixth order — the bare consonant sound, the most common form in the language — is the one that needs a key of its own, and that key is e.

Here is in all seven orders. Every consonant in the fidel behaves the same way, which is the whole of the system.

  • s
  • su
  • si
  • sa
  • sy
  • se
  • so

The same seven forms, animated, are on the main page.

The bracket key

Amharic writes several sounds more than one way — , and are all read the same, and so are and . A [ after a consonant reaches a second letter related to it. There are five, and each takes the same seven vowel orders as any other consonant.

The bracket keys and the characters they produce
TypeGives
h[
H[
s[
t[
T[

5 keys, read at build time from the keyboard’s own layout file.

Ge'ez numerals

The Ethiopic numerals are separate characters from the Arabic digits and are typed separately: a digit, then *, then a 0 for each power of ten. A digit the table has no use for is passed through rather than swallowed, so a bare 0 typed into a spreadsheet stays a 0.

Ge'ez numerals and the keys that produce them
TypeGives
1*
2*
3*
4*
5*
6*
7*
8*
9*
1*0
2*0
3*0
4*0
5*0
6*0
7*0
8*0
9*0
1*00
1*0000

20 keys, read at build time from the keyboard’s own layout file.

Punctuation

The word separator , the full stop and the rest. Several of these cycle: press the key again and it advances to the next mark rather than repeating the first.

Ethiopic punctuation marks and the keys that produce them
TypeGives
./
:
.
,,
;
,
:-
:.
::

9 keys, read at build time from the keyboard’s own layout file.

Every consonant, every order

The whole syllabary. Each row is one consonant series and each column one vowel order, with the keys underneath. This is the table to keep open in a second window for the first week; the column and the consonant both stay put as you scroll.

Every consonant in the fidel and the seven vowel orders of each, with the keys that produce them
Type1st2nd+u3rd+i4th+a5th+y6th+e7th+o
hhhuhihahyheho
lllulilalylelo
HHHuHiHaHyHeHo
mmmumimamymemo
JJJuJiJaJyJeJo
rrruriraryrero
sssusisasyseso
SSSuSiSaSySeSo
qqquqiqaqyqeqo
QQQuQiQaQyQeQo
bbbubibabybebo
vvvuvivavyvevo
tttutitatyteto
cccucicacyceco
LLLuLiLaLyLeLo
nnnuninanyneno
NNNuNiNaNyNeNo
xxxuxixaxyxexo
kkkukikakykeko
KKKuKiKaKyKeKo
wwwuwiwawywewo
XXXuXiXaXyXeXo
zzzuzizazyzezo
ZZZuZiZaZyZeZo
YYYuYiYaYyYeYo
dddudidadydedo
DDDuDiDaDyDeDo
jjjujijajyjejo
gggugigagygego
GGGuGiGaGyGeGo
TTTuTiTaTyTeTo
CCCuCiCaCyCeCo
PPPuPiPaPyPePo
FFFuFiFaFyFeFo
VVVuViVaVyVeVo
fffufifafyfefo
pppupipapypepo

37 series, 259 characters, read at build time from the keyboard’s own layout file.